DBMS > Google BigQuery vs. GraphDB vs. JanusGraph vs. Oracle Rdb vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison Google BigQuery vs. GraphDB vs. JanusGraph vs. Oracle Rdb vs. QuestDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters

It was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017

A high performance open source SQL database for time series data

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	3.32
Rank	#91	Overall
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	1.94
Rank	#129	Overall
	#12	Graph DBMS

Score	1.08
Rank	#184	Overall
	#85	Relational DBMS

Score	2.52
Rank	#109	Overall
	#9	Time Series DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.ontotext.com

janusgraph.org

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb.html

questdb.io

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

docs.janusgraph.org

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb-doc.html

questdb.io/docs

Social network pages

Developer

Google

Ontotext

Linux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius

Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)

QuestDB Technology Inc

Initial release

2010

2000

2017

1984

2014

Current release

10.4, October 2023

0.6.3, February 2023

7.4.1.1, 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

HP Open VMS

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

yes

schema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

yes

SQL with time-series extensions

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol

Supported programming languages

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Clojure
Java
Python

PostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

over HTTP

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

depending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)

horizontal partitioning (by timestamps)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Source-replica replication with eventual consistency

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

yes, on a single node

ACID for single-table writes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

through memory mapped files

User concepts

Access control

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more

Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more

Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more

High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more

Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more

Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more

Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more

Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more

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