DBMS > Google BigQuery vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HugeGraph vs. Oracle NoSQL

System Properties Comparison Google BigQuery vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HugeGraph vs. Oracle NoSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	58.10
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	2.84
Rank	#100	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#335	Overall
	#31	Graph DBMS

Score	3.05
Rank	#97	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#16	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/bigquery

cloud.google.com/spanner

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

Developer

Google

Baidu

Oracle

Initial release

2010

2017

2018

2011

Current release

0.9

24.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
macOS
Unix

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Data scheme

yes

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Groovy
Java
Python

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

via hugegraph-spark

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Users, roles and permissions

Access rights for users and roles

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