DBMS > Google BigQuery vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HarperDB vs. Ingres vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Google BigQuery vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HarperDB vs. Ingres vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

Well established RDBMS

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Wide column store

Document store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	3.26
Rank	#92	Overall
	#13	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	0.55
Rank	#248	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	3.19
Rank	#93	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Website

cloud.google.com/bigquery

cloud.google.com/bigtable

www.harperdb.io

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

orientdb.org

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

docs.harperdb.io/docs

docs.actian.com/ingres

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

Developer

Google

HarperDB

Actian Corporation

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Initial release

2010

2015

2017

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2010

Current release

3.1, August 2021

11.2, May 2022

3.2.29, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free community edition available

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Node.js

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

dynamic schema

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like data manipulation statements

yes

SQL-like query language, no joins

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

yes

Java, Javascript

Triggers

yes

Hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

Ingres Replicator

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

Atomic single-row operations

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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