DBMS > Geode vs. Snowflake vs. Spark SQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Geode vs. Snowflake vs. Spark SQL vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.86
Rank	#134	Overall
	#24	Key-value stores

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

geode.apache.org

www.snowflake.com

spark.apache.org/sql

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

geode.apache.org/docs

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2002

2014

2019

Current release

1.1, February 2017

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Scala

Clojure

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (OQL)

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Java
Python
R
Scala

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

yes, utilizing Spark Core

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

none

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes, on a single node

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights per client and object definable

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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