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DBMS > Geode vs. Immudb vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Geode vs. Immudb vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGeode  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelKey-value storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.86
Rank#134  Overall
#24  Key-value stores
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score0.66
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#392  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Websitegeode.apache.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.kinetica.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationgeode.apache.org/­docsdocs.immudb.iodocs.kinetica.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.CodenotaryKineticaMicrosoftMireo
Initial release20022020201220192020
Current release1.1, February 20171.2.3, April 20227.1, August 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as GemfireOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaGoC, C++C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
LinuxhostedLinux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (OQL)SQL-like syntaxSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsJava Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnouser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyes infoCache Event Listenersnoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Real-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayes, on a single nodeACIDnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights per client and object definableAccess rights for users and roles on table levelAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes

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More resources
GeodeImmudbKineticaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpaceTime
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