DBMS > GeoSpock vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM

System Properties Comparison GeoSpock vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

GeoSpock seems to be discontinued. Therefore it will be excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Spatial and temporal data processing engine for extreme data scale

Well established RDBMS

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

QpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

column oriented

Multivalue DBMS

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	3.80
Rank	#81	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	0.34
Rank	#284	Overall
	#10	Multivalue DBMS

Website

geospock.com

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-open-qm

Technical documentation

docs.actian.com/ingres

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

Developer

GeoSpock

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

Rocket Software, originally Martin Phillips

Initial release

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2014

2019

1993

Current release

2.0, September 2019

11.2, May 2022

cloud service with continuous releases

3.4-12

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Javascript

Server operating systems

hosted

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

hosted

AIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

with some exceptions

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

temporal, categorical

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

ANSI SQL for query only (using Presto)

yes

SQL-like query language

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

yes

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Automatic sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Ingres Replicator

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per table

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Azure Active Directory Authentication

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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