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DBMS > GBase vs. HyperSQL vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison GBase vs. HyperSQL vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGBase  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.07
Rank#185  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#341  Overall
#150  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.gbase.cnhsqldb.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.html
Technical documentationhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.html
DeveloperGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.GoogleMicrosoftTransaction Software GmbH
Initial release20042001201120191987
Current releaseGBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c2.7.2, June 20231.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releasesTransbase 8.3, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial infofree development license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, Java, PythonJavaC++C and C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLStandard with numerous extensionsyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languagesC#All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsJava, SQLnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersyesyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnonenoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
GBaseHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBLevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTransbase
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