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DBMS > GBase vs. Hazelcast vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison GBase vs. Hazelcast vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGBase  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.A widely adopted in-memory data gridIn-memory JavaScript DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.05
Rank#186  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Score0.49
Rank#260  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.gbase.cnhazelcast.comgithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docstechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.HazelcastMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release20042008201420192016
Current releaseGBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c5.3.6, November 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, Java, PythonJavaJavaScriptJava
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)hostedAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategynoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLStandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languagenoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
JavaScript APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
JavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesView functions in JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyesyes infoEventsyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoReplicated Mapnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmnoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedno infoatomic operations within a single collection possiblenono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlyesRole-based access controlnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
GBaseHazelcastLokiJSMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerToroDB
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