DBMS > GBase vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Immudb vs. LeanXcale vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison GBase vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Immudb vs. LeanXcale vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Wide column store

Key-value store

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.05
Rank	#186	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	3.15
Rank	#95	Overall
	#14	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	0.36
Rank	#280	Overall
	#40	Key-value stores
	#129	Relational DBMS

Website

www.gbase.cn

cloud.google.com/bigtable

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.leanxcale.com

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

docs.immudb.io

Developer

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

Google

Codenotary

LeanXcale

8Kdata

Initial release

2004

2015

2020

2015

2016

Current release

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

1.2.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, Java, Python

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Standard with numerous extensions

SQL-like syntax

yes

through Apache Derby

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
Java
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Google Introduces Autoscaling for Cloud Bigtable for Optimizing Costs
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Google scales up Cloud Bigtable NoSQL database
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Review: Google Bigtable scales with ease
7 September 2016, InfoWorld

Google Cloud makes it cheaper to run smaller workloads on Bigtable
7 April 2020, TechCrunch

Google introduces Cloud Bigtable managed NoSQL database to process data at scale
6 May 2015, VentureBeat

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How Open-Source Database immudb Plans to Handle All That Metaverse Data
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immudb (immutable database) 'tamper-proof' database - Open Source Insider
14 December 2021, ComputerWeekly.com

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