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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. Prometheus vs. SpaceTime vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. Prometheus vs. SpaceTime vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score7.69
Rank#50  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#392  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.postgres-xl.orgprometheus.iowww.mireo.com/­spacetimevirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationprometheus.io/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperFoundationDBMireoOpenLink Software
Initial release20132014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB201520201998
Current release6.2.28, November 202010 R1, October 20187.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++CGoC++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Linux
Windows
LinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesNumeric data onlyyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno infoImport of XML data possiblenoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infodistributed, parallel query executionnoA subset of ANSI SQL is implementedyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyuser defined functionsnonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningShardingFixed-grid hypercubesyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoby FederationReal-time block device replication (DRBD)Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoMVCCnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBPostgres-XLPrometheusSpaceTimeVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBPostgres-XLPrometheusSpaceTimeVirtuoso
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