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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. OpenQM vs. Teradata Aster vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. OpenQM vs. Teradata Aster vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOpenQM infoalso called QM  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerQpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMSPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and typesVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.34
Rank#284  Overall
#10  Multivalue DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-open-qmvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperFoundationDBMicrosoftRocket Software, originally Martin PhillipsTeradataOpenLink Software
Initial release20132016199320051998
Current release6.2.28, November 20203.4-127.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows
LinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyes infowith some exceptionsFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Storeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoin Aster File Storeyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesnoyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyTransact SQLyesR packagesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningyesShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesyesyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Frameworkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyesAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOpenQM infoalso called QMTeradata AsterVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOpenQM infoalso called QMTeradata AsterVirtuoso
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