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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Virtuoso vs. YottaDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Virtuoso vs. YottaDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparisonYottaDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphsA fast and solid embedded Key-value store
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMSRelational DBMS infousing the Octo plugin
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.97
Rank#191  Overall
#32  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#87  Relational DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score3.99
Rank#75  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#40  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Score0.21
Rank#309  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorervirtuoso.openlinksw.comyottadb.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuosoyottadb.com/­resources/­documentation
DeveloperFoundationDBMicrosoftOpenLink SoftwareYottaDB, LLC
Initial release2013201919982001
Current release6.2.28, November 2020cloud service with continuous releases7.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++CC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Docker
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLXby using the Octo plugin
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
PostgreSQL wire protocol infousing the Octo plugin
Proprietary protocol
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
M
Perl
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Users and groups based on OS-security mechanisms
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerVirtuosoYottaDB
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerVirtuosoYottaDB
Recent citations in the news

FoundationDB team’s new venture, Antithesis, raises $47M to enhance software testing
13 February 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Antithesis Launches Out Of Stealth To Revolutionize Software Reliability
13 February 2024, PR Newswire

Antithesis raises $47M to launch an automated testing platform for software
13 February 2024, TechCrunch

Apple's FoundationDB takes new Record Layer open source, confirms tech underpins CloudKit
14 January 2019, AppleInsider

Apple Acquires FoundationDB
24 March 2015, blogs.wsj.com

provided by Google News

We’re retiring Azure Time Series Insights on 7 July 2024 – transition to Azure Data Explorer
31 May 2024, azure.microsoft.com

Update records in a Kusto Database (public preview)
20 February 2024, azure.microsoft.com

Announcing General Availability to migrate Virtual Network injected Azure Data Explorer Cluster to Private Endpoints
5 February 2024, azure.microsoft.com

Announcing General Availability of Graph Semantics in Kusto
27 May 2024, azure.microsoft.com

Migration of Azure Virtual Network injected Azure Data Explorer cluster to Private Endpoints
4 December 2023, azure.microsoft.com

provided by Google News



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