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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. Prometheus vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. Prometheus vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score7.69
Rank#50  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#392  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.orgprometheus.iowww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationprometheus.io/­docs
DeveloperFoundationDBMicrosoftMireo
Initial release201320192014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB20152020
Current release6.2.28, November 2020cloud service with continuous releases10 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CGoC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Linux
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infodistributed, parallel query executionnoA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsnono
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioningShardingFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoby FederationReal-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoMVCCnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyes

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More resources
FoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgres-XLPrometheusSpaceTime
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