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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. NCache vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. NCache vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonNCache  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSOpen-Source and Enterprise in-memory Key-Value StoreTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Search engine infoUsing distributed Lucene
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#167  Overall
#77  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#195  Overall
#29  Key-value stores
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlwww.alachisoft.com/­ncachetypedb.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.alachisoft.com/­resources/­docstypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperFoundationDBMicrosoftHughes TechnologiesAlachisoftVaticle
Initial release20132019199420052016
Current release6.2.28, November 2020cloud service with continuous releases4.4, October 20215.3.3, April 20242.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoEnterprise Edition availableOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++CC#, .NET, .NET Core, JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyespartial infoSupported data types are Lists, Queues, Hashsets, Dictionary and Counteryes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersSQL-like query syntax and LINQ for searching the cache. Cache Synchronization with SQL Server using SQL dependency.no
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
IDistributedCache
JCache
LINQ
Proprietary native API
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
.Net Core
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnono infosupport for stored procedures with SQL-Server CLRno
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes infoNotificationsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneyesSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneyes, with selectable consistency levelMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyesyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
noneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Strong Eventual Consistency over WAN with Conflict Resolution using Bridge Topology
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynononono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonooptimistic locking and pessimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoAuthentication to access the cache via Active Directory/LDAP (possible roles: user, administrator)yes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorermSQL infoMini SQLNCacheTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsNCache has been the market leader in .NET Distributed Caching since 2005 . NCache...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesNCache is 100% .NET/ .NET Core based which fully supports ASP.NET Core Sessions ,...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosNCache enables industries like retail, finance, banking IoT, travel, ecommerce, healthcare...
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customersBank of America, Citi, Natures Way, Charter Spectrum, Barclays, Henry Schein, GBM,...
» more
Market metricsMarket Leader in .NET Distributed Caching since 2005.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNCache Open Source is free on an as-is basis without any support. NCache Enterprise...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorermSQL infoMini SQLNCacheTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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