DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Memgraph vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Memgraph vs. TimesTen

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

An in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.

Primary database model

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.89
Rank	#197	Overall
	#32	Document stores
	#29	Key-value stores
	#92	Relational DBMS

Score	2.54
Rank	#98	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS

Score	1.14
Rank	#170	Overall
	#76	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/apple/foundationdb

memgraph.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

apple.github.io/foundationdb

memgraph.com/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/timesten/index.html

Developer

FoundationDB

Memgraph Ltd

Oracle

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

2013

2017

1998

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

Release 22.1

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

IBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

schema-free and schema-optional

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

APIs and other access methods

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

PL/SQL

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

with snapshot isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Apple Acquires Durable Database Company FoundationDB
24 March 2015, TechCrunch

FoundationDB Record Layer: A Multi-Tenant Structured Datastore
25 July 2020, Apple Machine Learning Research

FoundationDB team’s new venture, Antithesis, raises $47M to enhance software testing
13 February 2024, SiliconANGLE

IBM Cloudant pulls plan to fund new foundational layer for CouchDB
15 March 2022, theregister.com

FoundationDB, a very interesting NoSQL database owned by Apple, is now an open-source project
19 April 2018, GeekWire

provided by Google News

NASA jettisons Neo4j database for Memgraph citing costs
7 May 2025, theregister.com

Memgraph 3.0 Delivers Streamlined Way to Build Enterprise-Specific GenAI and Agentic AI
10 February 2025, Business Wire

This CEO Got Bill Gates’ Attention—Now He’s Fueling AI with Memgraph’s Speedy Graph Tech
9 April 2025, HackerNoon

Memgraph 3 Simplifies Graph Based AI Projects
11 February 2025, i-programmer.info

Memgraph is Recognized as a Responsive Company in the Knowledge Graph Market by MarketsandMarkets' 360Quadrants
9 April 2025, MarketsandMarkets

provided by Google News

Oracle starts peddling Exalytics in-memory appliance
12 March 2012, theregister.com

provided by Google News

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