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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.89
Rank#197  Overall
#32  Document stores
#29  Key-value stores
#92  Relational DBMS
Score2.54
Rank#98  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score774.89
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbmemgraph.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbmemgraph.com/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperFoundationDBMemgraph LtdMicrosoft
Initial release201320171989
Current release6.2.28, November 2020SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availablecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++C and C++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes
Secondary indexesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyes
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infodynamic graph partitioningtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication using RAFTyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infowith snapshot isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers, roles and permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
FoundationDBMemgraphMicrosoft SQL Server
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Recent citations in the news

Apple Acquires Durable Database Company FoundationDB
24 March 2015, TechCrunch

FoundationDB Record Layer: A Multi-Tenant Structured Datastore
25 July 2020, Apple Machine Learning Research

FoundationDB team’s new venture, Antithesis, raises $47M to enhance software testing
13 February 2024, SiliconANGLE

IBM Cloudant pulls plan to fund new foundational layer for CouchDB
15 March 2022, theregister.com

FoundationDB, a very interesting NoSQL database owned by Apple, is now an open-source project
19 April 2018, GeekWire

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10 February 2025, Business Wire

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11 February 2025, i-programmer.info

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