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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Vertica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value storeDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.marklogic.comwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.marklogic.comvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleMarkLogic Corp.OpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release2013201120012005
Current release6.2.28, November 20201.23, February 202111.0, December 202212.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesnonoyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyes infoSQL92Full 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsJava API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnonoyesyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnoneyesMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes, with Range Indexesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBLevelDBMarkLogicVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
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Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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FoundationDBLevelDBMarkLogicVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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