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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Kingbase vs. LevelDB vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Kingbase vs. LevelDB vs. Tkrzw

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#262  Overall
#123  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.kingbase.com.cngithub.com/­google/­leveldbdbmx.net/­tkrzw
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
DeveloperFoundationDBBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.GoogleMikio Hirabayashi
Initial release2013199920112020
Current release6.2.28, November 2020V8.0, August 20211.23, February 20210.9.3, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C and JavaC++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesnono
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyStandard with numerous extensionsnono
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyuser defined functionsnono
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infousing specific database classes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono

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More resources
FoundationDBKingbaseLevelDBTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
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