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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Splice Machine vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Splice Machine vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSplice Machine  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Well established RDBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerOpen-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and SparkA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.54
Rank#252  Overall
#115  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticssplicemachine.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticssplicemachine.com/­how-it-works
DeveloperFoundationDBActian CorporationMicrosoftSplice Machine8Kdata
Initial release20131974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201620142016
Current release6.2.28, November 202011.2, May 20223.1, March 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++CC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyesyes
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
Java
PHP
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyyesTransact SQLyes infoJava
Triggersnoyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding, horizontal partitioningShared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar PartitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesIngres ReplicatoryesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoYes, via Full Spark Integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
FoundationDBIngresMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSplice MachineToroDB
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