DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Immudb vs. OrientDB vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Immudb vs. OrientDB vs. RocksDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	3.19
Rank	#93	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

github.com/apple/foundationdb

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

orientdb.org

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

apple.github.io/foundationdb

docs.immudb.io

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

FoundationDB

Codenotary

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2013

2020

2010

2013

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

1.2.3, April 2022

3.2.29, March 2024

8.11.4, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

supported in specific SQL layer only

SQL-like syntax

SQL-like query language, no joins

APIs and other access methods

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

Java, Javascript

Triggers

Hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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