DBMS > FoundationDB vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. LevelDB vs. MySQL vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. LevelDB vs. MySQL vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Cloud-based data warehousing service

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Widely used open source RDBMS

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.06
Rank	#185	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#85	Relational DBMS

Score	1.37
Rank	#160	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	0.07
Rank	#372	Overall
	#57	Key-value stores

Website

github.com/apple/foundationdb

www.ibm.com/products/db2/warehouse

github.com/google/leveldb

www.mysql.com

dbmx.net/tkrzw

Technical documentation

apple.github.io/foundationdb

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

dev.mysql.com/doc

Developer

FoundationDB

IBM

Google

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

2013

2014

2011

1995

2020

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

1.23, February 2021

8.4.0, April 2024

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

C++

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

PL/SQL, SQL PL

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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