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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Hypertable vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Hypertable vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Wide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score0.66
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score10.06
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.kinetica.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.kinetica.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorervertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperFoundationDBHypertable Inc.KineticaMicrosoftOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20132009201220192005
Current release6.2.28, November 20200.9.8.11, March 20167.1, August 2021cloud service with continuous releases12.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availablecommercialcommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C, C++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
LinuxhostedLinux
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Yes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingnoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesnorestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansyesall fields are automatically indexedNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsC++ API
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynouser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnonoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factor on file system levelSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoAccess rights for users and roles on table levelAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBHypertableKineticaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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FoundationDBHypertableKineticaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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