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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Linter vs. Milvus vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Linter vs. Milvus vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonLinter  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBRDBMS for high security requirementsA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score0.09
Rank#346  Overall
#152  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbhsqldb.orglinter.rumilvus.iowww.stardog.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mddocs.stardog.com
DeveloperFoundationDBrelex.ruStardog-Union
Initial release20132001199020192010
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.7.2, June 20232.3.4, January 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageC++JavaC and C++C++, GoJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesAIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyesyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyesnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
RESTful HTTP APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyJava, SQLyes infoproprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQLnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnoneSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rightsAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBLinterMilvusStardog
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBLinterMilvusStardog
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