DBMS > FoundationDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Immudb vs. Linter

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Immudb vs. Linter

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

RDBMS for high security requirements

Primary database model

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	3.49
Rank	#87	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	0.09
Rank	#346	Overall
	#152	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/apple/foundationdb

hsqldb.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

linter.ru

Technical documentation

apple.github.io/foundationdb

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

docs.immudb.io

Developer

FoundationDB

Codenotary

relex.ru

Initial release

2013

2001

2020

1990

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

2.7.2, June 2023

1.2.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

AIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

SQL-like syntax

yes

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

Java, SQL

yes

proprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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