DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Hive vs. IBM Cloudant vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Hive vs. IBM Cloudant vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Relational DBMS

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.06
Rank	#185	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#85	Relational DBMS

Score	59.76
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	2.75
Rank	#104	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Score	0.49
Rank	#260	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

github.com/apple/foundationdb

hive.apache.org

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

apple.github.io/foundationdb

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

FoundationDB

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Microsoft

Initial release

2013

2012

2010

2014

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

3.1.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Erlang

JavaScript

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

some layers support typing

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

supported in specific SQL layer only

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JavaScript API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

C++
Java
PHP
Python

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

JavaScript

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

View functions in JavaScript

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Linearizable consistency

Eventual Consistency

none

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

atomic operations within a single collection possible

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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