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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Heroic vs. Memgraph vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Heroic vs. Memgraph vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchAn open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Time Series DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.89
Rank#197  Overall
#32  Document stores
#29  Key-value stores
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.02
Rank#367  Overall
#39  Time Series DBMS
Score2.54
Rank#98  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score2.79
Rank#89  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#48  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#10  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­spotify/­heroicmemgraph.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbspotify.github.io/­heroicmemgraph.com/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperFoundationDBSpotifyMemgraph LtdOpenLink Software
Initial release2013201420171998
Current release6.2.28, November 20207.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC and C++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesnoyes infovia Elasticsearchyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynonoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsHQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infodynamic graph partitioningyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesMulti-source replication using RAFTChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infowith snapshot isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers, roles and permissionsFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

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More resources
FoundationDBHeroicMemgraphVirtuoso
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