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DBMS > etcd vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. KeyDB vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. KeyDB vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#226  Overall
#33  Key-value stores
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
github.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
www.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
apple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.keydb.devdoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperFoundationDBThomas MuellerEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.Dassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release2013200520192013
Current release3.4, August 20196.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSD-3commercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++JavaC++C++
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinuxhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenono infosome layers support typingyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnonoyesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnosupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
JavaC
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsLuaJava, SQL
Triggersyes, watching key changesnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlyyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardsimple password-based access control and ACLStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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More resources
etcdFoundationDBH2KeyDBNuoDB
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