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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Ingres vs. Pinecone

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Ingres vs. Pinecone

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonPinecone  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Well established RDBMSA managed, cloud-native vector database
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#92  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.pinecone.io
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.pinecone.io/­docs/­overview
DeveloperFoundationDBThomas MuellerActian CorporationPinecone Systems, Inc
Initial release201320051974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2019
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 202311.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesString, Number, Boolean
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
JavaPython
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes
Triggersnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseIngres Replicator
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
FoundationDBH2IngresPinecone
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