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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. LMDB vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. LMDB vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score0.82
Rank#209  Overall
#97  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comhsqldb.orgwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbvitess.io
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlwww.lmdb.tech/­docvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperFoundationDBThomas MuellerSymasThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release20132005200120112013
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 20232.7.2, June 20230.9.32, January 202415.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaCGo
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
Unix
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyesnoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
JavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLnoyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenonenoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesyesnoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
FoundationDBH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBLMDBVitess
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