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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.50
Rank#166  Overall
#29  Document stores
#27  Key-value stores
#76  Relational DBMS
Score8.14
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score4.30
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#205  Overall
#30  Key-value stores
Score30.39
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comhsqldb.orggithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.keydb.devlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
DeveloperFoundationDBThomas MuellerEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.Microsoft
Initial release20132005200120192014
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 20232.7.2, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoBSD-3commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinuxhosted
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyes infoJSON types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyesnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
JavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLLuaJavaScript
TriggersnoyesyesnoJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardsimple password-based access control and ACLAccess rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources
FoundationDBH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBKeyDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
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