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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. HarperDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Milvus

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. HarperDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Milvus

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.55
Rank#248  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comwww.harperdb.iohsqldb.orgmilvus.io
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.harperdb.io/­docshsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.md
DeveloperFoundationDBThomas MuellerHarperDB
Initial release20132005201720012019
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 20233.1, August 20212.7.2, June 20232.3.4, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageC++JavaNode.jsJavaC++, Go
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesdynamic schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyes infoJSON data typesyesVector, Numeric and String
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesSQL-like data manipulation statementsyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Java.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsCustom Functions infosince release 3.1Java, SQLno
Triggersnoyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusternoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definednone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDAtomic execution of specific operationsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, using LMDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rights
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBH2HarperDBHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMilvus
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBH2HarperDBHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMilvus
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