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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. GraphDB vs. H2 vs. Realm vs. SpatiaLite

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. GraphDB vs. H2 vs. Realm vs. SpatiaLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataSpatial extension of SQLite
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument storeSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score1.63
Rank#146  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.ontotext.comwww.h2database.comrealm.iowww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­index
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlrealm.io/­docswww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.html
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperFoundationDBOntotextThomas MuellerRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Alessandro Furieri
Initial release20132000200520142008
Current release6.2.28, November 202010.4, October 20232.2.220, July 20235.0.0, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open SourceOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
server-less
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlystored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlywell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryno
Triggersnonoyesyes infoChange Listenersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes infoConstraint checkingyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoIn-Memory realmyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesno
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMH2RealmSpatiaLite
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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