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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Graph Engine vs. mSQL vs. TempoIQ vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Graph Engine vs. mSQL vs. TempoIQ vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation enginemSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#232  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#34  Key-value stores
Score1.27
Rank#169  Overall
#76  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.graphengine.iohughestech.com.au/­products/­msqltempoiq.com (offline)virtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperFoundationDBMicrosoftHughes TechnologiesTempoIQOpenLink Software
Initial release20132010199420121998
Current release6.2.28, November 20204.4, October 20217.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infofree licenses can be providedcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++.NET and CCC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
.NETAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
HTTP APIADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyyesnonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnononoyes infoRealtime Alertsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonosimple authentication-based access controlFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinitymSQL infoMini SQLTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinitymSQL infoMini SQLTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDBVirtuoso
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