DB-EnginesExtremeDB for everyone with an RTOSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Please select another system to include it in the comparison.

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSWide column storeKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.48
Rank#75  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release2013201720121994
Current release6.2.28, November 202018.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynonono
Triggersnononoyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationoptimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesno

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Table StorageOracle Berkeley DB
Recent citations in the news

FoundationDB team's new venture, Antithesis, raises $47M to enhance software testing
13 February 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Stonebraker Seeks to Invert the Computing Paradigm with DBOS
12 March 2024, Datanami

Antithesis raises $47M to launch an automated testing platform for software
13 February 2024, TechCrunch

Antithesis Launches Out Of Stealth To Revolutionize Software Reliability
13 February 2024, Yahoo Finance

Deno adds scaleable messaging with new Queues feature, sparks debate about proprietary services • DEVCLASS
28 September 2023, DevClass

provided by Google News

Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Google makes its Cloud Spanner database service faster and more cost-efficient
11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

Google turns up the heat on AWS, claims Cloud Spanner is half the cost of DynamoDB
11 October 2023, TechCrunch

Google Cloud just fired a major volley at AWS as the cloud wars heat up
12 October 2023, TechRadar

Google Spanner: When Do You Need to Move to It?
11 September 2023, hackernoon.com

provided by Google News

Working with Azure to Use and Manage Data Lakes
7 March 2024, Simplilearn

Azure Cosmos DB Data Migration tool imports from Azure Table storage | Azure updates
5 May 2015, Microsoft

How to Use C# Azure.Data.Tables SDK with Azure Cosmos DB
9 July 2021, hackernoon.com

How to use Azure Table storage in .Net
14 January 2019, InfoWorld

How to write data to Azure Table Store with an Azure Function
14 April 2017, Experts Exchange

provided by Google News

ACM recognizes far-reaching technical achievements with special awards
26 May 2021, EurekAlert

Margo I. Seltzer | Berkman Klein Center
18 August 2020, Berkman Klein Center

Database Trends Report: SQL Beats NoSQL, MySQL Most Popular -- ADTmag
5 March 2019, ADT Magazine

How to store financial market data for backtesting
26 January 2019, Towards Data Science

The importance of bitcoin nodes and how to start one
9 May 2014, The Merkle News

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

SingleStore logo

Build AI apps with Vectors on SQL and JSON with milliseconds response times.
Try it today.

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Present your product here