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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spannerhive.apache.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homewww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2013201720122019
Current release6.2.28, November 20203.1.3, April 20221.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaClojure
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceno
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factoryes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud SpannerHiveXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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