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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. Hypertable vs. MarkLogic

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. Hypertable vs. MarkLogic

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSWide column storeDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webwww.marklogic.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iodocs.marklogic.com
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleChris DavisHypertable Inc.MarkLogic Corp.
Initial release20132017200620092001
Current release6.2.28, November 20200.9.8.11, March 201611.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availablecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++PythonC++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Unix
Linux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesNumeric data onlynoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesnorestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nonoyes infoSQL92
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Sockets
C++ API
Thrift
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynononoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScript
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneselectable replication factor on file system levelyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyesyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnonoACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nonoRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

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FoundationDBGoogle Cloud SpannerGraphiteHypertableMarkLogic
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