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DBMS > etcd vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. LMDB vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. LMDB vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
github.com/­apple/­foundationdbfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestorewww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
apple.github.io/­foundationdbfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestorewww.lmdb.tech/­docvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleSymasOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release2013201720112005
Current release3.4, August 20196.2.28, November 20200.9.32, January 202412.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++CC++
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenono infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnonoyesnoNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLnosupported in specific SQL layer onlynonoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functionsnoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyes, watching key changesnoyes, with Cloud Functionsnoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoUsing Cloud Dataflownono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDyesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
etcdFoundationDBGoogle Cloud FirestoreLMDBVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
» more
Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more

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More resources
etcdFoundationDBGoogle Cloud FirestoreLMDBVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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