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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. H2 vs. LokiJS

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. H2 vs. LokiJS

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.In-memory JavaScript DBMS
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestorewww.h2database.comgithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJS
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestorewww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmltechfort.github.io/­LokiJS
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleThomas Mueller
Initial release2013201720052014
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaScript
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes infovia views
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyesno
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
JavaScript API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
JavaJavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud FunctionsJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsView functions in JavaScript
Triggersnoyes, with Cloud Functionsyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoUsing Cloud Dataflownoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possible
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud FirestoreH2LokiJS
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Recent citations in the news

FoundationDB team's new venture, Antithesis, raises $47M to enhance software testing
13 February 2024, SiliconANGLE News

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IBM Cloudant pulls plan to fund new foundational layer for CouchDB
15 March 2022, The Register

FoundationDB, a very interesting NoSQL database owned by Apple, is now an open-source project
19 April 2018, GeekWire

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10 May 2023, TechCrunch

Google's Cloud Firestore is now generally available
31 January 2019, ZDNet

Firestore and Python | NoSQL on Google Cloud
7 August 2020, Towards Data Science

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LokiJS - A JavaScript Database
18 November 2014, iProgrammer

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