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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Lovefield vs. MarkLogic

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Lovefield vs. MarkLogic

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastoregoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.marklogic.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.marklogic.com
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleGoogleMarkLogic Corp.
Initial release2013200820142001
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.1.12, February 201711.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaScriptC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyes, details hereyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (GQL)SQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyes infoSQL92
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScriptC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyusing Google App Enginenoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScript
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps EngineUsing read-only observersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication using Paxosnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDByes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreLovefieldMarkLogic
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