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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2 vs. ReductStore vs. SpatiaLite

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2 vs. ReductStore vs. SpatiaLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonReductStore  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Designed to manage unstructured time-series data efficiently, providing unique features such as storing time-stamped blobs with labels, customizable data retention policies, and a straightforward FIFO quota system.Spatial extension of SQLite
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.05
Rank#384  Overall
#44  Time Series DBMS
Score1.63
Rank#146  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.h2database.comgithub.com/­reductstore
www.reduct.store
www.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­index
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.reduct.store/­docswww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.html
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleThomas MuellerReductStore LLCAlessandro Furieri
Initial release20132008200520232008
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 20231.9, March 20245.0.0, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBusiness Source License 1.1Open Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++, RustC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMDocker
Linux
macOS
Windows
server-less
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyes, details hereyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (GQL)yesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaC++
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyusing Google App EngineJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsno
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication using PaxosWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreH2ReductStoreSpatiaLite
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