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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. GraphDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. GraphDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.ontotext.comwww.postgres-xl.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleOntotextOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release2013200820002014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB1998
Current release6.2.28, November 202010.4, October 202310 R1, October 201811 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoMozilla public licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyes, details hereyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesnoyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (GQL)stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyusing Google App Enginewell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityuser defined functionsPL/SQL
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonehorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication using PaxosMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes infoConstraint checkingyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACID infoMVCCACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMPostgres-XLTimesTen
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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