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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSWide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score4.48
Rank#75  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtableazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tables
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release2013201520162012
Current release6.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedhosted
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnonoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyesno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynoTransact SQLno
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyesyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud BigtableMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseMicrosoft Azure Table Storage
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