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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. IBM Db2 vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. IBM Db2 vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score125.90
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.ibm.com/­products/­db2github.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleIBM8Kdata
Initial release201320151983 infohost version2016
Current release6.2.28, November 202012.1, October 2016
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infofree version is availableOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C and C++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingnoyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynoyes
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux VersionSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud BigtableIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2ToroDB
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