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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. GraphDB vs. Milvus vs. Sadas Engine

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. GraphDB vs. Milvus vs. Sadas Engine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonSadas Engine  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesSADAS Engine is a columnar DBMS specifically designed for high performance in data warehouse environments
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#158  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.ontotext.commilvus.iowww.sadasengine.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdwww.sadasengine.com/­en/­sadas-engine-download-free-trial-and-documentation/­#documentation
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleOntotextSADAS s.r.l.
Initial release20132015200020192006
Current release6.2.28, November 202010.4, October 20232.3.4, January 20248.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infofree trial version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageC++JavaC++, GoC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
AIX
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingnoyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnonoyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilitynono
Triggersnonononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyes infoConstraint checkingnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infomanaged by 'Learn by Usage'
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Role based access control and fine grained access rightsAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud BigtableGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMilvusSadas Engine
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
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