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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. SwayDB vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. SwayDB vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSwayDB  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An embeddable, non-blocking, type-safe key-value store for single or multiple disks and in-memory storageDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#382  Overall
#59  Key-value stores
Score1.44
Rank#158  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtablecloud.google.com/­spannerswaydb.simer.auwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleGoogleSimer PlahaVoltDB Inc.
Initial release20132015201720182010
Current release6.2.28, November 202011.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoGNU Affero GPL V3.0Open Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++ScalaJava, C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingnoyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnonoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Kotlin
Scala
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynononoJava
Triggersnonononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACID infoStrict serializable isolationAtomic execution of operationsACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud BigtableGoogle Cloud SpannerSwayDBVoltDB
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