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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Geode vs. GraphDB vs. Kinetica vs. MarkLogic

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Geode vs. GraphDB vs. Kinetica vs. MarkLogic

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.07
Rank#188  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#86  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#133  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score3.10
Rank#100  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score0.69
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Score6.50
Rank#56  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#5  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgeode.apache.orgwww.ontotext.comwww.kinetica.comwww.marklogic.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbgeode.apache.org/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.kinetica.comdocs.marklogic.com
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperFoundationDBOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.OntotextKineticaMarkLogic Corp.
Initial release20132002200020122001
Current release6.2.28, November 20201.1, February 201710.4, October 20237.1, August 202111.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfirecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaC, C++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnonoyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (OQL)stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL92
APIs and other access methodsJava Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyuser defined functionswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityuser defined functionsyes infovia XQuery or JavaScript
Triggersnoyes infoCache Event Listenersnoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyes infoConstraint checkingyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes, on a single nodeACIDnoACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights per client and object definableDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Access rights for users and roles on table levelRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levels
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBGeodeGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMKineticaMarkLogic
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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