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DBMS > Firebolt vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison Firebolt vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB vs. SingleStore

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebolt  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHighly scalable cloud data warehouse and analytics product infoForked from ClickhouseFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.90
Rank#134  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score5.60
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.firebolt.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerquestdb.iowww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationdocs.firebolt.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerquestdb.io/­docsdocs.singlestore.com
DeveloperFirebolt Analytics Inc.MicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncSingleStore Inc.
Initial release2020201920142013
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases8.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities
Implementation languageJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustC++, Go
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux info64 bit version required
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL with time-series extensionsyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methods.Net
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyes
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)Sharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesdepending on storage layeryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with eventual consistencySource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationFine grained access control via users, groups and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
FireboltMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerQuestDBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more
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