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DBMS > Firebird vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Realm

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score19.46
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score4.15
Rank#70  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#8  Search engines
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score7.18
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgwww.progress.com/­marklogicazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrealm.io
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualswww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrealm.io/­docs
DeveloperFirebird FoundationMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase200120192014
Current release5.0.1, August 202411.0, December 2022cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++C++
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoSQL92Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes, with Range Indexesnoyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes

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More resources
FirebirdMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRealm
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