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DBMS > Firebird vs. Ingres vs. Tkrzw vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. Ingres vs. Tkrzw vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseWell established RDBMSA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresdbmx.net/­tkrzwtypedb.com
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsdocs.actian.com/­ingrestypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperFirebird FoundationActian CorporationMikio HirabayashiVaticle
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20202016
Current release5.0.0, January 202411.2, May 20220.9.3, August 20202.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++CC++Java
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnono
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLyesnono
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslynoneSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationIngres ReplicatornoneMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing specific database classesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
FirebirdIngresTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
FirebirdIngresTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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