DBMS > Firebird vs. Immudb vs. ITTIA vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. Immudb vs. ITTIA vs. VoltDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBase

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Edge Time Series DBMS with Real-Time Stream Processing

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	20.82
Rank	#30	Overall
	#18	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	0.39
Rank	#273	Overall
	#24	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.44
Rank	#158	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

www.firebirdsql.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.ittia.com

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

www.firebirdsql.org/en/reference-manuals

docs.immudb.io

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

Firebird Foundation

Codenotary

ITTIA L.L.C.

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

2000

As fork of Borland's InterBase

2020

2007

2010

Current release

5.0.0, January 2024

1.2.3, April 2022

8.7

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Initial Developer's Public License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Java, C++

Server operating systems

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less

Firebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Fixed schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Float/Blob/Integer/String/Unicode/Date/Time/Timestamp/Interval

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like syntax

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC

Jaybird
ODBC
OLE DB

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C++
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

PSQL

yes

Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Features a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writers

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

Database file passwords

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

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